There Is No Justice in History
Chapter summary from Sapiens by Yuval Noah Harari.
If imagined orders are powerful, they also produce imagined hierarchies. Class, gender, and race can be treated as natural facts, even when they are cultural lines reinforced by law, custom, and violence.
Once inequality is built into institutions, it keeps reproducing itself. Privilege accumulates in food, education, safety, and networks. Then the next generation inherits the advantage and renames it “merit.” The hierarchy becomes self confirming.
History offers no guarantee of moral accounting. Conquests, slavery, and discrimination do not automatically end in justice. Myths of purity, destiny, or divine favor can make cruelty feel honorable.
To read power, track who benefits from the story and who carries the cost. Then notice how hard it is for those roles to change. Often they are designed not to.
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